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Magnesium hydroxide, with the chemical formula Mg(OH)₂, is a common inorganic ionic compound widely applied in industrial, environmental and pharmaceutical fields. It appears as a white, odorless, fine crystalline powder at room temperature and standard atmospheric pressure. This substance is poorly soluble in water and ethanol, showing weak alkalinity in aqueous solution, which makes it a mild and non-corrosive alkaline reagent different from strong bases like sodium hydroxide.




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Magnesium hydroxide is a safe, non-toxic, and eco-friendly chemical material that serves a wide range of practical uses in daily life, industrial production, environmental protection, and medical care. Unlike strong and corrosive alkalis, it features mild chemical properties, stable performance, and no secondary pollution after use, which makes it one of the most popular green functional materials across various industries.
Its most well-known application is as a high-efficiency flame retardant. Many common materials such as plastic, rubber, cables, and building decoration materials are flammable. Adding magnesium hydroxide can greatly improve their fire resistance. When a fire occurs, this material will absorb massive heat and decompose to release water vapor, which cools down the burning surface and dilutes flammable gas. It also forms a tight protective layer on the material surface to block oxygen and stop fire spread. Besides, it produces almost no toxic smoke or harmful substances during combustion, far safer than traditional flame retardants.

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